There are two types of lawyers that will handle a federal criminal case. Those working as federal prosecutors, also known as US Attorneys, who prosecute the majority of federal cases in federal court. The other type of lawyer is the federal defense lawyer. These are the lawyers who specialize in defending people who are charged or are being investigated by federal law enforcement agencies.
The federal prosecutors work as a part of the Department of Justice. There are 93 US Attorneys in the United States, and they all report directly to the US Attorney General. US Attorneys are appointed by the President of the United States, and must be confirmed by Congress. These are the people responsible for bringing charges to those people who are suspected of breaking federal law. Assistant US Attorneys are the ones who handle the bulk of the cases that appear before federal courts. They are the ones who will investigate a case, as well as represent the government in a federal trial.
On the other side of the federal criminal process are the defense lawyers. It is their responsibility to represent the accused during their case. The Constitution of the United States gives the accused the right to have adequate representation during a criminal procedure. If a person charged with a federal crime cannot afford to hire their own private attorney, they have the right to have the court assign them an attorney to represent them at no cost. Since in the American justice system an accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty, it is the job of the criminal defense attorney to defend their clients as aggressively as they can.
Federal criminal procedure is different from those at the state level. A federal crime is disobeying a law that has been passed by the US Congress. These laws involve crimes that extend beyond state boundaries or have special impact on federal operations. Federal criminal lawyers are specially trained to operate within the regulations and procedures of a federal criminal process.
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