401K Plan

A traditional 401(k) plan enables employees to make pre-taxed elective deferrals through their employer. Employers have the option of making contributions to the plan as well. The employer’s contributions are subject must verify that deferred wages and employer matching contributions are equal and do not discriminate in favor of employees who make larger salaries. Employee and employer contributions may be vested over many years, which is often the reason why an employee stays with a company for a long time. If an employee takes another job, the plan usually stays active and withdrawals usually begin at 70 years of age. This plan allows employees to save for retirement and avoid income taxes on the saved money until it is withdrawn. The employee has to be sponsored by an employer, like a corporation.

A company who participates in 401K plans usually has one or more financial companies involved in the process such as banks, mutual funds, third party administrators or insurance companies. The most common type of 401K is the participant-directed plans where employees can select from a number of options that typically emphasize stocks, bonds, money market investments or a mix of all. Some companies even offer their own stock for employees to invest in. Employees pick and choose the investments that they want.

401K plans are a type of profit sharing plan and are different from a regular pension plan because employees make voluntary contributions. 401K plans are often referred to as contribution plans because participant’s benefit from the value of an individual account. Any investment made by an employee may fluctuate based on the market, and there is a risk that money might be lost in the process.

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